Melinoë

Melinoë is a chthonic nymph or goddess in Greek mythology.  She is associated with ghosts and dreams, and is associated with the underworld. Melinoë is often associated with the moon and the goddess Hecate. She is also sometimes associated with the punishment of those who have wronged the dead, and is said to haunt the places where the dead are buried. In some accounts, Melinoë is the daughter of the god Persephone and Zeus in the guise of Hades.

Glaucus

In Greek myth, Glaucus was a son of Sisyphus.  His myth varies but centers on death and horses.  In one version, he is killed in an accident during a chariot race.  In another, he fed his horses human meat and they turned on him and ate him.  In other stories he offends Aphrodite by refusing to mate his horses, so she spurs them on to slay him.  His shade is said to haunt the Isthmian Games and scare the horses.

Mount Cynthus

Mount Cynthus is on the isle of Delos.  In myth, it is the birthplace of Apollo and Artemis.  They are thus sometimes called Cynthius and Cynthia, respectively.  It is about 450 feet high, so not much of a mount, really.

Erysichthon

In Greek myths, Erysichthon was king of Thessaly who was punished by the goddess Demeter for cutting down a sacred oak tree. As punishment, he was cursed with insatiable hunger, and no matter how much he ate, he remained ravenous. Some say Erysichthon became a starving beggar and some say he eventually ate himself to death, consumed by his own hunger.

The Yule Lads

The Yule Lads are mischievous Christmas spirits in Icelandic folklore.  The Yule Lads are the sons of Grýla and Leppalúði. They are a group of 13 mischievous pranksters who steal from or harass the population, and all have descriptive names that convey their favorite way of harassing.  They come to town one by one during the last 13 nights before Yule. They leave small gifts in shoes that children have placed on window sills, but if the child has been disobedient, they instead leave a rotten potato in the shoe.

Kallikantzaros

The Kallikantzaroi are malevolent Christmas spirits in folklore.  Stories about the kallikantzaros or its equivalents can typically be found in Greece, Bulgaria, Turkey, Serbia, Albania, Bosnia, and Cyprus. Kallikantzaroi are believed to dwell underground but come to the surface during the twelve days of Christmas, from 25 December to 6 January.  It is believed that kallikantzaroi stay underground, sawing the trunk of the tree that holds the Earth, so that it will collapse, along with the Earth. However, according to folklore, when the final part of the trunk is about to be sawed, Christmas dawns and kallikantzaroi are able to come to the surface. They forget the tree and come to bring trouble to mortals.Finally, on the Epiphany (6 January), the sun starts moving again, and they must return underground to continue their sawing. They see that during their absence the world tree has healed itself, so they must start working all over again.  There is no standard description of the appearance of kallikantzaroi; there are regional variations as to their appearance.

Gershom

Moses named his firstborn son Gershom, which means traveler in an alien land, because Moses himself had been "a stranger in a strange land" (KJV translation).

Lohengrin

"Lohengrin" is an 1850 opera by Richard Wager. It is based on the Germanic folk hero, son of Percival, who memorably rides in a boat pulled by swans. The most famous part of the opera is the Bridal Chorus, popularly known as "Here Comes the Bride" (in a boat pulled by swans!).

Criosphinx

In Egyptian mythology, a criosphinx is a sphinx with the head of a ram instead of a human. This comes from the Greek word krios for ram.

Artaban

Artaban was, according to legend, the "fourth wise man" that traveled to see the birth of Christ. He was a Persian scholar who missed the birth of Jesus but spent the next 33 years until his death helping the poor.

Mumbai, the new name of Bombay, is derived from the Hindu goddess Mumbadevi, plus the Marathi word for mother. Mumbai is the most populous city in India.

Dione

Dione is a moon of Saturn, discovered in 1684. It is named for a Titan in Greek mythology.  It is believed to have a rocky core with ice.

Brigadoon

Brigadoon is a musical by Lerner and Loewe about a mythical Scottish village that appears only once every 100 years. The story was based on a German legend. It was made into a movie as well.